Defence (Difesa)

Italian defence expenditure in 2025 amounts to approximately €32.7 billion, representing around 3.4% of total public expenditure. These resources finance the activities of the Ministry of Defence, including international military missions and all expenditure related to the management and operations of the Carabinieri Corps.

Specifically, the 2025 Budget Law allocates approximately €31.3 billion to the Ministry of Defence, mainly under Mission 1, which covers the majority of expenditures related to the activities of the Carabinieri and all initiatives promoted by the Italian Army, Air Force, and Navy.

The remaining share of the budget, amounting to approximately €1.4 billion, is managed by the Ministry of Economy and Finance, primarily under Mission 4, and is allocated to international military missions.

Defence expenditure includes several components, such as:

• Personnel: salaries and remuneration for military and civilian staff.
• Training and education: resources allocated to the training and professional development of personnel.
• Research and innovation: funds dedicated to research and continuous technological innovation in the defence sector.

Overall, based on the 2025–2027 budget forecasts, expenditure in this sector is expected to remain stable, with no significant changes.